You already have a lot of suggestions, but be sure you are using a metallic needle too. I use King Star metallic and it works better for me on my Bernina than other brands. I think I'd try a different stabilizer, maybe a cutaway. Check your manual to make sure you are threading your machine correctly. I was putting my bobbin in the wrong direction that caused me a lot of problems! Try solving your problem on something small until you can get the correct combination. Please let us know what your solution was.
Is it a metallic thread you are using, because some brands are not good.
I have the same machine and I only like the Robinson Anton for metallic threads.
I agreed with the others, give it a good clean and re thread from the start again, when using metallic thread I always put it on a stand by the machine and watch it does not tangle as it comes of the spool
Good Luck Val
After cleaning bobbin housing, check top thread tension, if set to default try one or two steps up.
Other possibility: you have a bad file.
Hope this was of help.
start from the start..... do a lint cleanup, new needle, re-thread with another spool and use a new bobbin. Try a 'pre-wound' one to test if is your own winding that may be the issue.
I'm with Martine...I would guess a problem with the top threading...one other thing I have seen is the bobbin thread may sometimes come out of the bobbin tension mechanism so that the bobbin thread is loose in the bobbin case...I would try a different bobbin and re-thread the top...and try a test design...
I would give the bobbin area a good clean looks like a bit of thread maybe the cause of the problem.
Also do you have stabilizer in the hoop or is that just batting?
This looks an upper thread problem. Have you cleaned and rethreaded. Sometimes the thread does not feed properly between the tension plates, e.g. when the food was down when threading.
As a rule: trouble on top - check the bobbin, trouble underneath - check the upper thread.
I hope you can solve it fast and enjoy stitching.
The other thing if you haven't already done it is to check the upper thread. Sometimes the way it is wound on the spool makes a difference and you can change it from vertical on your machine to horizontal or vice versa. Also, if you have a thread stand and can move it a little further away that extra tension helps.Be sure too that when you thread it you go through every loop, tension disc, etc Put in a new needle and try again. The old rule of thumb is mess up on the top, trouble is in the bottom, messed up on the bottom trouble is on the top..
Just a guess, but I'd start by cleaning out the lint and thread bits in the bobbin area and adding a drop of oil. (Don't have that Janome.)