I hope you went and got distracted by stitching something. I have great success keeping aphids in check by adding a few drops of dishwash detergent in the water of a spray bottle or pump sprayer sprayer. I spray the branches and later come back and hose them off. I also found that a lot of bugs do not like the leaves of zucchini, so I plant them on the ground around the other vegetables. This year tomatoes did not do well at all. They look as if they do not get enough water and turned brown real soon.

Oh my, I hate weeds like that. I have used boiling water on the weeds that drove me crazy. But word of warning the boiling water will kill the weed and everything near the plant. You can try dipping the top of the plant in the water and see if that helps. Now go inside and stitch up some pretty flowers.

Went to a daylily field today (shopping) and found out a good use for weeds, after all these years. The hybridizer's hands were purple from deadheading the lilies and I asked if she had ever found anything that gets the natural dyes off and she said yes, go pick some weeds. They do the trick!

to stop those pesty aphids you need to companion grow some marrygolds between them. there are many companion plants that help and protect each other. just google companion plants and read all about it.. You can also make avery good pest killer by soaking old cigarettes in water to extract the nicotine and then spraying with that.
Many years ago a friend was complaining about the problem of snails and slugs on her allotment and asked if i had a solution for it as all her carrots and lettuce were being attacked. I suggested that she went to a large garden andpet shop and asked for a white rabbit a black rabbit would work jjust as well but the white ones were easier to spot from a distance.
She asked how that would solve the slug and snail problem.
I informed her with a very straight face that the rabbit be it black of white would eat all the carrots, lettuce and the cabbage plants and that the slugs and snails would then be starved to death. problem solved no more slugs or snails ..
She was not amused

Use a fork to fighting with weeds. You can get the roots out, and after a couple of weeks you can see the result.

I cleaned this area just a few days ago. I could not go closer to the plants. There must be a major root node near the plant that sprouted this that quick.

Take some down to your local gardening store or plant nursery and have them identify it and tell you how to get rid of it

For the aphids or mites or what ever is eating your plants, go to your local garden store, or order online, a bag of ladybugs! They are absolutely awesome. They will gobble up the mites or aphids and the eggs. They are cheap too. As long as there is something to eat, they will stick around. You can also get food blocks for them, for when they run out of aphids, so that they will hang around for next season.
As far as your weeds go, MOST weeds will die if you remove ALL of the foliage, because then they don't get the chlorophyll they need to survive. Then it is just a matter of removing the extensive root system. Have you noticed if these plants flower? If so, they may be dropping seeds for next season. If they do flower, then do not burn the plants. That will only cause the seed pods to pop open, and give the next generation a boost. I have a weed called Stinky Bob that is considered to be a noxious weed. It is actually a member of the geranium family, but smells somewhere between rotten potatoes and very unpleasant dirty socks. I've tried burning it (oops...seeds), herbicides, pulling it out by hand and everything else I could think of. In the end, I spread a layer of newspapers over the yard, and then put a heavy layer of compost on top of the newspapers. It worked really well till my neighbor moved out and let the yard go, and re-infested my yard with the seeds. You can also get yard mesh to cover the weeds, and then put bark, dirt or compost over it, but newspaper works well, and is cheaper. I hope this helps some. Good luck with your garden!!